This presentation compares active and passive airborne electromagnetic approaches and presents the rationale and capability of combining both within a single survey system to broaden exploration effectiveness under diverse geological conditions. While airborne time-domain EM offers strong spatial resolution and focused target detection, its performance can be limited by restricted resistivity sensitivity in highly resistive terrain, reduced depth of investigation in conductive environments, strict terrain-clearance requirements, and susceptibility to parasitic IP and superparamagnetic effects. In contrast, MobileMT passive natural-field technology provides low-noise broadband AFMAG and VLF data using a remote reference electric-field base station, improving sensitivity to both shallow and deep resistivity variations across a wider range of conditions. The paper shows that integrating these passive measurements with the active TargetEM system allows simultaneous extraction of time-domain, AFMAG (at high frequencies), and VLF responses from synchronized streaming data, creating a combined airborne EM solution that is particularly valuable in rugged terrain, resistive geology, and other situations where conventional time-domain data alone may be incomplete or ambiguous.
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